Executive Functions of the Brain

Do we know that there are specific centers or areas in the brain that are responsible for the executive functions of an individual?

Very few people are aware of the fact that the human brain has specific areas associated with executive functions. An executive who has developed these areas by practicing them as skills has a distinct advantage over others.

When specific areas of the brain are used appropriately, the individual’s efficiency will improve and there is very little amount of distress.

For more than 22 years, I have been advocating the development of the Executive Functions of the Brain. However, very few, in the corporate world and elsewhere, show interest in developing these skills. One argument I find fascinating is that they say they are already successful without knowing about these functions, and where is the need for learning these skills?

I have waited for so long and I think the knowledge about these functions of the brain is still missing. Internet search does not show a comprehensive categorization of the executive functions of the brain.

Not that we don’t use these functions in our daily life. However, there is a major difference between using them as abilities and nurturing them as skills. The latter is less prone to errors.

There are specific areas in the brain that are associated with corresponding functioning. We know this because any damage to the particular area curtails or inhibits the functioning. For example, the prefrontal cortex is associated with abstract reasoning.

All these dimensions are measurable through either neurological or psychological tests. This ensures verifiability and predictability.

The human brain is capable of very sophisticated functioning and the list provided by me is in no way complete. But let’s start looking at developing a few of these functions at least in the younger generation. This will enable them to deal more effectively with the environment. Otherwise, there are greater chances that they will be conquered by artificial intelligence.

Functions of the Brain

Before we consider the executive functions of the brain, let us glance through the major functions of the brain. The following are the varied functions of the brain meant to carry out normal behavior.

1)   Sensory functions

2)   Motor functions

3)   Associative functions

4)   Language functions

5)   Cognitive functions

6)   Affective functions

7)   Conceptual functions

8)   Executive functions*

*21 Executive Functions of the Brain

I have classified executive functions into three categories.

Ø  ABILITY – The brain’s capability to engage in systematic functioning

Ø  ADAPTABILITY – The usage of the existing abilities to adjust to changing circumstances

Ø  APPLICATION – Molding the abilities to suit the purpose and demands of the situation

ABILITY

Abstract reasoning

Divergent thinking

Logical reasoning

Comprehension

Memory

Concentration

Willingness to learn

ADAPTABILITY

Frustration tolerance

Time consciousness

Locus of control

Need for achievement

Seeking responsibility

Motivation

Leadership

APPLICATION

Goal formulation

Planning

Executing

Foresight

Self-regulation

Objectivity

Maturity

OUTCOMES

A systematic training of the executive functions can result in the following outcomes in an individual in the organization.

n  Reduce Cognitive Stress

n  Increase Mental Fitness

n  Develop Emotional Intelligence

n  Modify Attitudes

n  Change Lifestyle

n  Learn Systematic Thinking

n  Manage Decision Making & Problem-Solving

The list is by no means exhaustive as many other developments keep happening over time. The more the individual uses these skills, the greater will be the overall improvement.